When I lived in Staten Island, N.Y., in the 1970s, I remember waking up many mornings, breathing deeply, and saying to the other nuns, “Ah, smell New Jersey.” Of course, the Staten Island landfill took over the airways in the early 1990s when I lived in Staten Island once again. By then, the slaughterhouse in Elizabeth, N.J., at the end of the Goethals Bridge was closed, and the refineries did something to at least make the unbearable heavy smell of chemicals diminish so we could breathe New York’s garbage.
In 1955 the Ford Motor Company built the largest auto manufacturing plant to date in U.S. history in Mahwah, N.J. Between 1967 and 1971 it dumped a deadly cocktail of toxic waste including paint sludge, Freon, lead and arsenic, and other industrial waste — creating dioxin — into abandoned mine shafts in Upper Ringwood, N.J., the backyard of the Ramapough Native American community. The waste saturated the ground causing fires and the toxins traveled through the air making people break out in sores and become sick.